Igneous rocks are formed by the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Some examples of igneous rocks include granite, diorite, and basalt.
The dark color and texture of basalt makes it easy to see that it came from magma.
Sedimentary rocks are formed by sedimentation of material at the Earth's surface and within bodies of water. Some examples of sedimentary rocks include quartz, sandstone, and coquina.
This picture shows that quartz can come in different colors.
Coquina is a rock formed when coral and seashells are fused together by calcite.
Metamorphic rocks are rocks that have been changed from their original form through a process called metamorphism. Some examples of metamorphic rocks include marble, slate, and gneiss.
Gneiss typically contains bands of feldspar and quartz.
Marble is produced from the metamorphism of limestone.
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